Time-based coordination is often regarded as the least expensive method of traffic signal coordination because it relies on predetermined signal timings that are developed based on historical traffic data and patterns. This approach does not require advanced technology or real-time data inputs, making it simpler and less costly to implement and maintain.
In contrast, traffic-responsive coordination involves utilizing real-time traffic data to adjust signal timings dynamically based on current conditions, which necessitates investment in sensors and more sophisticated control systems. Adaptive timing coordination also requires advanced technologies that continuously adjust in response to traffic conditions, leading to further complexity and expense. Event-based coordination might involve specific events like pedestrian crossings or emergency vehicle preemption, which could also increase costs due to the need for specialized infrastructure and programming.
Overall, time-based coordination is straightforward, cost-effective, and relies on established traffic patterns, making it the most economical option among the methods listed.